现在完成进行时的构成

现在完成进行时表示过去发生的动作或状况一直持续到现在，这个动作可能仍在继续进行或刚刚结束。

现在完成进行时由“have/has＋been＋现在分词”构成。

肯定句：主语＋have/has＋been＋现在分词＋其他。

否定句：主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋现在分词＋其他。

疑问句：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词＋其他？

疑问代词/疑问副词＋have/has＋(主语＋)been＋现在分词＋其他？

►He is ill. He’s been lying in bed for three weeks. 他病了。他已经卧床3个星期了。

►Your eyes are red. Have you been crying? 你眼睛红了。你刚刚哭过了吗？

基本用法

1．表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在。

现在完成进行时常和 all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently 等状语以及since和for引导的状语连用。

►I have been reading Hemingway’s Farewell to Arms recently. 我最近一直在读海明威的《永别了，武器》。

►She has been reciting the words all the morning. 她整个上午都在背单词。

►This is what I have been expecting since my childhood. 这是我从小以来就一直期待着的事情。

2．表示动作刚刚结束。

►My clothes are all wet. I’ve been working in the rain. 我的衣服全湿了。我刚才一直在雨中干活。

►He is dead drunk. He’s been drinking with his friends. 他烂醉如泥。他刚才一直在和朋友们喝酒。

3．表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作。

►You’ve been saying that for five years. 这话你已经说了五年了。

►He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher.

自从任教以来，他一直在为报刊杂志撰稿。

4．表达较重的感情色彩。

►What have you been doing to my dictionary? 看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了？

►Time has been flying so quickly! 时间过得可真快啊！

►Too much has been happening today. 今天可真是个多事的日子。

与现在完成时的区别

1．现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复， 而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。

►Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？

►Have you met him recently? 你最近见过他吗？

2．现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩， 而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。

►I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。(可能表示不满)

►I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。(说明一个事实)

3．现在完成进行时强调动作， 而现在完成时强调结果。

►Who has been eating the oranges?  谁一直在吃这些橙子呀？ (还剩余一些)

►Who has eaten the oranges?  谁把橙子吃光了？ (强调吃得一个不剩)

Mindmap解析

习题-Exercises

(1) I __________________ (teach) English for almost twenty years. I will teach until retirement.

(2) In order to find the missing child, villagers ________________ (do) all they can over the past five hours.

(3) In 1996, I moved to Canada with my husband and I __________________ (live) there since then.

(4) Jim __________________ (phone) Jenny every night for the past week.

(5) Although many measures __________________ (take), the world’s economy is still going down.

(6) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and __________________ (remain) around that level since.

(7) He ________________ (listen) to English programs since he came to the US, so he _________________ (make) great progress.

(8) The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he __________________ (play) in the mud all morning.

(9) People __________________ (pour) into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.

KEYS：

(1)have been teaching  (2)have been doing  (3) have been living  (4)has been phoning  (5) have been taken  (6)has remained  (7) has been listening (8) has been playing  (9)has been pouring