先问一个问题：在续写时，形容人物的情绪心理时用sb. feel xx，描述人物眼前场景时用sb. see xx，老是用“人物+动作/情绪动词”？

无灵主语句，非人称作主语，即“无灵主语”，表示抽象概念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间地点等。无灵主语句，是指用无生命的事物做主语，用人或社会团体的行为或动作做谓语，因此这类句子常带有拟人化的修辞色彩。在表达中往往语言更生动多样，是一种夺分必备的高级句型——无灵主语句。也对情绪、动作、心理和神态等众多无灵主语句子表达，进行了分类梳理。

例句：

1.翻译：我无法用言语表达我的感受。

有灵主语句: I cannot express how I feel.

无灵主语句: Words fail me!

2.翻译：她伤心不已。

有灵主语句：He cried sadly.

无灵主语句：A sadness came over her.

结构（与汉语句子结构对比）

有灵动词：有生命的事物的动作和行为，如：see, find, bring, give, escape, witness, seize, deny…

汉语常用句子结构: animate subject(有灵主语) + animate verb(有灵动词)

I love all my students. (有灵主语 I)

英语常用句子结构：inanimate subject(无灵主语) + animate verb(有灵动词)

My love goes to all my students. (无灵主语love )

功能意义

1.增加主语多样性，丰富句型

Life has taught me that success is not final. So l always stay humble and never let it go to my head.

2.使语言更生动，表达丰富，句子瞬间充满生命力

(1) l was so excited and words slipped out of my mouth …

(2)The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps.

3.增加表达的客观性

We carried out more experiments and found some exciting results.

→Further experiments brought us some exciting results.

4.文学作品中给人一种庄重、典雅的感觉

Thus, the gathering(渐渐暗下来的) dusk often finds (发现) me hastening home in a hurrying crowd. Whether it rains or snows, windy or foggy, it is the longing to home that quickens (加快) my step.

分类&运用

1、用于情感状态的抽象名词作主语+谓语

常见的情绪名词：happiness, joy, delight 开心快乐；excitement兴奋；surprise, astonishment 惊奇，惊讶；shame 羞耻，羞愧；anger 愤怒；despair 绝望；regret 遗憾，后悔；sorrow 悲伤；horror 惊恐；anxiety 焦虑；disappointment 失望，沮丧；satisfaction 满意，满足；puzzlement 困惑，不解；eagerness渴望等。

常见的谓语动词：seize 侵袭；choke 噎住堵住；flood 充满；creep 不知不觉产生；grip 紧抓；give way to ；wash over 洗涤，侵袭；deserted 丢弃，遗弃；well up涌出等。

在续写中写到人物的情绪或心理时，别总用sb feel/is…, 使用上述词构成的无灵主语句，句子瞬间得到升华。

句子范例

① Anxiety tore him into pieces.   他焦虑万分，肝肠寸断。

② Despair seized him at the thought of his failure in the exam. 一想到考试的失败，他就万念俱灰。

③ A wild excitement took hold of her. 她兴奋极了。

④ A chill of horror suddenly swept over him. 他突然感到不寒而栗。

2、行为动作的名词作主语+谓语

常见的行为动作类名词：thought想法, glance一瞥, look看到, idea想法, feeling感受, walk走路；sight看到等。

常见的谓语动词：overwhelm 压倒；strike 打击侵袭；arouse 唤起；fill… with 充满…；change 改变；bring 带来等。还有使令动词如remind, make, let, lead, send, leave, drive等。

在续写中描写人物动作或思考行为时，无灵主语句将人的动作和思考行为拟人化，让续写的表达更多样生动。

句子范例

①The sight of the scene filled me with horror.   看到这个情景我心中充满了恐惧。

②A terrible thought suddenly struck me.   我突然想到一个可怕的想法。

③A ten minutes’ walk brought us to the hotel. 我们步行十分钟就到了旅馆。

④The thought of seeing her son very soon filled her heart with great happiness.  想到不久就要见到她的儿子，她心中感到十分快乐。

3、身体部位/音容笑貌类名词+谓语

常见的部位外貌类名词：face；laughter；smile；tear；words 说的话等。

常见的谓语动词：light up，brighten 照亮；linger 继续存留；well up 涌出；flash 闪烁；crumple 弄皱等。

在续写中描写人的外貌和性格时，写一个无灵主语句更高级！

句子范例

① A frown stood on his face.       他皱起了眉毛。

② Her face brightened when I gave her the present.    我给她礼物时，她的脸上焕发出了光彩

③Tears welled up in Lily’s’s eyes. 泪水从Lily的眼中涌出

④His face burned with embarrassment. 他尴尬的脸都红了。

真题链接：

【2022年新高考全国1卷】His usual big toothy smile was absent today.     今天他那大大的笑容不见了。

4、时间/地点/场景类名词+谓语

常见的时间、地点类名词：silence，hush安静沉默；dusk 黄昏；dawn 黎明破晓；morning；afternoon；night等。

常见的谓语动词：see 看见；witness 见证；find 发现；fall 降临进入等。有时可引申为“显示”“表明”“产生”等意义。

句子范例

① The post war years in Germany saw honors heaped upon the great scientist.德国战后的岁月里，这位伟大的科学家得到了种种荣誉。

②The year 1949 witnessed the founding of the People’s Republic of China.     1949年中华人民共和国成立了。

③Dusk found the little girl crying in the street. 黄昏时分人们发现小女孩在街上哭。

④Night has fallen over the country.  夜幕已经笼罩着乡间。

5、事物类名词+谓语

具体事物类名词：watch,carpet等。具抽象事物类名词：threat等。

谓语则是一些有灵动词充当，这样无生命的事物被赋予了生命特征，具有拟人化的修辞效果，使表达栩栩如生。

作谓语的有灵动词大致分为两类：得失型动词和情感型使动词。

得失型动词: lost, get, gain, seize, take, come over, grip (gripped), reach, fail, save, win, desert, release, deprive (deprive of), rob sb. of …, visit, face, escape, elude, slip (slipped), invite, bring sb. to …, linger, creep, oppress, take (entire) possession of, fill sb. with …, etc.

情感型使动词: surprise, disappoint, excite, disturb, determine, inspire, puzzle, annoy, trouble, irritate, shock, tear … into pieces, depress, etc.

句子范例

①The out-of-town shopping centre kill local trade.  城外的购物中心令本地商业难以为继.

②Her name escaped/ eluded me/ slipped my mind.   我忘了她的名字。

③The beauty gained the place quite a reputation.美景使这个地方颇有名气。

④Her habit of bitting her nails irritates me. 她咬指甲的习惯使我生气。

真题链接：

【2023茂名一模】

Yan said she wanted to support more outstanding scholars and tackle the various health threats facing mankind.

6、自然现象类名词+谓语

常见的自然现象类名词：sun；sunshine；moon；moonlight；fog，mist 雾；rain；earthquake 地震等。

常见的谓语动词：blanket 覆盖；come；bring；prevent 妨碍阻止；strike 打击侵袭；threaten  威胁/即将来临等。

句子范例

①A heavy rain visited the city.    这个城市刚下过一场大雨。

②The rain prevented me from coming.       因为下雨，我不能来。

③The thick fog blanketed the field.  浓雾笼罩着整个大地。

④The snow scrunched underfoot. 雪在脚下发出嘎吱嘎吱的声音。

7、用 it 作形式主语，其逻辑主语是后面的短语或从句

① It was very wise of you to bring an umbrella.  你带了雨伞是明智的。

② It is hardly likely that Tom may have forgotten to post the parcel.  Tom几乎不太可能忘记这个包裹。

真题链接：

【2022年新高考全国1卷】 It was no more important whether he won the first place or not.他是否赢得了第一名并不更重要。

8、there be句型

① There is no doubt that radio and television are important means of communication.毫无疑问，广播和电视是重要的交流手段。

② There is a growing concern over the population growth.对于人口的增长人们越来越担心。

Mindmap解析

习题-Exercises

一、谚语补全

① Constant dropping wears a stone.水滴石穿。

② A stumble may prevent a fall .小惩大戒。

③ Fortune knocks once at least at every man’s door.人人都有好运的一天。

④ Need makes the old wife trot . 事急老妪跑。

⑤ Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。

二、单句翻译

1.北京见证了最近几年的的巨大变化。

Beijing has witnessed great changes in recent years.   

2.我兴奋得什么话也说不出来。

Extreme excitement deprived me of all power of utterance.

3.一想到要出国深造，他就兴奋不已。

The thought that he will go abroad for further study made him excited.

4.他的话让我全身不寒而栗。

His words sentme a quiver through my body. 

5.他面临困难的抉择。

A hard choice now faces him.

三、续写补全（句子翻译）

Version 1: We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. Wandering around, we were still stuck in the dilemma. Much to our delight, ____________________________________

________________________________________________.（远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河岸）Dad proposed that we should walk along ____________________________（可以把我们带到农舍的河）and nothing seemed better than that. Time appeared to be merrier and shorter when I stayed together with Dad and before long, _____________________________.

（农舍映入眼帘）What a thrilling but memorable experience it was!

Version 2: We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. _____________________

___________________________________________.（想到我们可能在这样的黑暗中迷路，我的脊梁骨直打颤。）_________________________________________________（恐惧和遗憾的泪水充满了我的眼睛。）Fortunately, Dad was not so panicked as I was. He kept silent and listened very carefully as he took my horse rein and led the way. We had wandered for what seemed like ages when suddenly a river came into sight. Hopefully, we could find our way back to the farm house if we follow the river. Finally, we arrived home safely just in time for supper, but what an experience! It turns out there’s always a way out of any plight as long as we stay clam.

Version 3:  We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. ___________________

___________________________________________（月亮破云而出，银色的月光洒在潮湿的大地上。）We wandered slowly on our horses, feeling at a loss what to do. Suddenly, __________

_______________________.（流水声引起了我的注意）“Dad, maybe we can find the farm house down the river.” Dad nodded with approval. With great care, we rode our horses along the river. Shortly afterwards, ___________________________________________________.（毫无疑问，我们看到了保罗叔叔的农场。）Finally, we got to the farm, safe and sound. What a trip like never before!

读后续写-无灵主语句式表达最先出现在Clarissa Study。

句式1：（感到）…，某人… Feeling + 情绪，sb. … & (Being) + 情绪，sb. …

例1:他感到筋疲力尽，上床睡觉去了。
① Feeling exhausted he went to bed.
②Being exhausted, he went to bed.
③Exhaustedhe went to bed.

例2:他感到非常焦虑，踱来踱去。
①Feeling anxious, he paced up and down.
②Being anxious, he paced up and down.
③Anxious, he paced up and down.

句式2：某人如此…以至于（感觉好像…）Sb. was so + 情绪 + that he/she (felt as if…) & So + 情绪 +was sb. that he/she (felt as if…)

例:Sanji如此开心，以至于感觉自己好像身在天堂。
①Sanji was so happy that he felt as if he had been in heaven.
②So happy was Sanji that he felt as if he had been in heaven.

名词句式

句式1：情绪的起因-令某人…的是，….. To sb’s + 情绪，sb. …

例1:令她非常开心的是，她还看到了一些浆果丛。 To her great joy, she also saw some berry bushes.
例2:令他们宽慰的是，他们的儿子安然无恙地回来了。 To their relief, their son returned safe and sound.

句式2：情绪的后果-出于某种情绪，某人….. Out of + 情绪，sb. …

例1:出于害羞，他选择了沉默。 Out of shyness, he chose to be silent.
例2:出于好奇，他们穿过了通道。
Out of curiosity, they went through the tunnel.
例3: ______________________, 她跟在这个黑衣人后面，而后竟然发现黑衣人溜进了自己家里。
__________________________________________________________________
答案: 出于好奇; Out ofcuriosity, she followed the man in black only to find that he slid into her house.

补充：某人…地… / 某人因为…而… （谓语/非谓语/形容词 + with + 情绪）

例1:她高兴地跳了起来。
①She jumped with joy.
② With joy, she jumped.
③ She, with joy, jumped.
注:本例中withjoy为状语，作为修饰性成分，其位置相对比较自由。

例2:他失望地叹了口气。He sighed with disappointment.

例3:她的脸因兴奋而发光。 Her face lit up with excitement.

例4:他因为生气而说不出话来。 He was tongue-tied with anger.

例5:他害怕得不得动弹，一个字也说不出来。 Frozen/Numb with fear, he couldn’t utter a word.

例6:“也许，”她带着一丝渴望说，“你的女儿可以和我的孩子一起享受这个。”
“Maybe,” she said with a hint of wistfulness,“your daughter could enjoy it with my own young children.”

句式3：情绪的把持-某人深感…. Sb. was overwhelmed/overcome/seized/consumed with + 情绪.

例1:他激动得不知所措。
He was overwhelmed with excitement.

例2:我被一种强烈的恐怖感占据内心，手心出汗。
I was seized by a strong sense of horror my palms sweating

例3:当我抓住手中的标枪时，我的内心被一种奇怪的感觉占据了。
As I grasped the javelin in my handI was seized with a strange feeling.

句式4：情绪的溢出-某人充满了…. Sb. was filled/bursting with + 情绪. & Sb. couldn’t contain sb.’s + 情绪.

例1:看到这些，他怒不可遏。
Seeing this, he was filled/ bursting with anger.

例2:她抑制不住内心的喜悦。
She couldn’t contain her joy.

句式5：情绪的外露–某人的声音/眼神/表情/行为中带着明显的……
There was apparent + 情绪 + in sb.’s voice/eyes/expression/behavior…

从某人的声音/眼神/表情/行为判断，很明显某人陷入了……之中。
Judging from sb.’s voice/ eyes/expression/behavior, it was evident that sb. was trapped in +情绪.

例1:她眼神中有明显的恐惧。
There was apparent horror in her eyes.

例2:从Johnny的声音判断，很明显他陷人了悲伤之中。
Judging from Johnny’s voice, it was evident that he was trapped in sorrow.

句式6：情绪的变化
某人的情绪加深了。 Sb.’s+情绪+deepened.

某人的情绪1战胜了情绪2。Sb.’s+情绪1+overcame+情绪2.

某人的情绪1耗尽了，取而代之的是情绪 2。Sb.’s +情绪1+faded/ drained away and was replaced with+情绪2.

例 1:随着时间的推移，他的罪恶感加深了。
His guilt deepened as time went by.

例2:Tommy对成功的渴望战胜了恐惧。
Tommy’s longing for success overcame his fear.

例 3:他的兴奋耗尽了，取而代之的是绝望和忧虑
His excitement drained away, and was replaced with despair and worry.

句式7：情绪的升腾-某人感到一股强烈的··..··在内心升腾、奔涌。
Sb. felt a great sense of+ 情绪 + welling up in sb. s heart and surging through sb..

该句式中动 well表示涌起，surge 表动，在一起表某人感到一股强烈的情绪在心中升腾、奔涌。其中放入不同的情绪名词，可应用于不同的场景:

例1:Wendy 感到一股强烈的恐惧在她心中升腾、涌。
Wendy felt a great sense of horror welling up in her heart and surging through her.

例2:Jessica感到一股强烈的嫉妒在她心中升、奔涌。
Jessica felt a great sense of jealousy welling up in her heart and surging through her.

当然，情绪不可能是无中生有、独立存在的。类似于程序员输人一个程序，处理器才能进行运算，机器才能运转起来。需要有来自外界的刺激，才能产生心理活动和情绪变化，进而产生行为结果。

若给本句式中例1添加上外界刺激，可以写为：
例1-1：看到一把斧子破门而入，Wendy 感到一股强烈的恐惧在心中升腾、奔涌。
Seeing an ax piercing through the door, Wendy felt a great sense of horror welling up in herheart and surging through her.

若给本句式中例2添加上行为结果，可以写为：
例2-1：Jessica 感到一股强烈的嫉妒在心中升腾、奔涌，她把易拉罐扔向那个女人。
Feeling a great sense of jealousy welling up in her heart and surging through her, Jessica threw the can at the woman.

此外还可以把a great sense of换为 a mixture ofAand B来表达两种情绪的混杂：

某人感到一股混杂着….和…..的情绪在内心升腾、奔涌。
Sb.felt a mixture of+情绪 1+ and +情绪2+ welling up in sb.s heart and surgingthrough sb..

例3：当她看到远处的直升机，混杂着动和委的情绪在 Jane 内心升腾、奔涌。
Seeing the helicopter in the distance, Jane felt a mixture of excitement and grievance welling upin her heart and surging through her.

表层（“眉目传情”）表达-吸引眼球的表达

关于身体部位的表达，比如：
①palms get sweaty 手心出汗一紧张害怕
②tremble from head to toe 浑身颤抖一紧张、害怕
③scratch one’s head 挠头一困惑、尴尬
④one’s jaw dropped 下巴掉了一惊讶、错愕
⑤be on pins and needles 如坐针一焦虑、不安
⑥get a lump in the throat/ one’s throat tightened 喉咙哽咽一伤心、感动

在这些表达中，又以与“心”相关的表达最为灵活，比如:
①Those words chilled my heart. 那些话让我心寒。
②The scene warmed my heart. 这一让我心暖。
③The song softened my heart. 歌声柔软了我的心。
④What he said pierced my heart. 他说的话刺痛了我的心。

Mindmap解析

情绪描写-形容词&名词句式最先出现在Clarissa Study。

adj. pleased, pleasant, glad, delighted, cheerful, blissful, overjoyed, ecstatic

adv. happily, merrily, gladly, joyfully, cheerfully

n. pleasure, delight, enjoyment, joy, happiness

短语：to one’s delight/joy/happiness/pleasure，be seized by joy/happiness, be wild with joy, jumped to joy/let out a scream.

补全句子训练

用表高兴的表达补全下面各个句子：

1、一种成就感和幸福感 涌上心头（用名词）

A sense of achievement and _________ welled up in his soul.

KEY：happiness

2、孩子们开始高兴地准备爆米花。(用副词）

The children got down to preparing popcorn_______________:

KEY：happily/cheerfully/joyfully/merrily

3、坐在客房里，我发现有心爱的人陪伴真的很幸福。(find it adj. to do sth.)

Sitting in the guestroom, I _____________________________be accompanied by our beloved ones.

KEY：found it really blissful

4、令她非常高兴的是，她被发现了，直升机很快降落了。

________________, she was spotted and the helicopter soon landed. (介词结构）

KEY：To her great joy

5、收到了来自Tim的礼物后，Dana心里乐开了花。

Having received the present from Tim, Dana _______________.(adj.)

Having received the present from Tim, Dana _______________.(用固定结构）

Having received the present from Tim, Dana____________________.（具体的动作）

KEY：was overjoyed/ happy/delighted/(adj.)；was wild with joy.(用固定结构）；jumped to joy/let out a scream.（具体的动作 ）

6、简从未如此欣喜若狂，紧紧地拥抱过汤姆。（so…that结构）

Elli was ______________________ she hugged me tightly.

转换成倒装句： __________________________ she hugged me tightly.

KEY：so ecstatic that， So ecstatic was Elli that

7、当他母亲亲吻他的面颊时，婴儿高兴极了。（用虚拟语气）

When his mother kissed him on the cheek, it seemed as if the baby________ on the top of the world.

KEY：were

8、听到这些，卡莉咧着嘴笑了，一股幸福感涌上心头。（用独立主格)

Hearing that, Karie grinned from ear to ear, ______________________.

KEY：a wave of happiness flooding over her

9、听到这句话，阿拉姆高兴地跳了起来，他的眼睛像闪亮的星星一样闪闪发光。（with+n.+doing结构）Hearing this, Aram jumped up in happiness, ________________like shining stars.

KEY：with his eyes sparkling

10、低头看着我刚刚完成的围巾，他乐不可支，他的脸照亮了整个房间，黑色的眼睛像钻石一般闪烁。（用独立主格)

Looking down at the scarf I had just finished , he was overjoyed, ____________________________.

现在分词作状语，独立主格; 描写他的脸；比喻手法描写他的眼睛

KEY：his face lighting up the whole room and dark eyes twinkling like diamonds.

11、他高兴得脸上不知不觉地露出了笑容（so.. that 倒装句）

______________________a smile unconsciously spread over his face.

KEY：So delighted he was that

12、我微笑着挥手，祝他们一路平安。（巧用with）

Waving back _____________________, I wished them a safe trip.

KEY：with a smile

读后续写-“喜悦”情绪表达最先出现在Clarissa Study。

adj./adv.：nervous, uneasy, tense, nervously, anxious

v./n.： tension, anxiety, tremble, shake，quiver

固定短语：stress out, a flood of tension, tighten one’s face

补全句子训练

用表紧张的表达补全下面各个句子：

1、当他们走近埃尔南德斯太太的房子时，玛丽亚感到不安.(用形容词）

As they approached Mrs. Hernandez’s house, Maria felt ___________________________.

KEYS：uneasy

2、爸爸和我之间的沉默让我更加紧张和害怕。（make sb adj. 形容词做宾补）

Silence between dad and me ___________________________.

KEYS：made me more nervous and scared

3、我的嘴唇颤抖着，眼泪顺着脸颊滚落。（动词）

My lips ________, big tears rolling down cheeks.

KEYS：quivered

4、她的手掌出汗，喉咙紧绷，她怀念她是母亲掌上明珠的日子。（独立主格结构）

_____________________________, she missed the days when she was the apple of Mother’s eye.

KEYS：Her palms sweating and throat tightening

5、站在队伍的前面，艾米丽感到喉咙紧绷，手心出汗。(身体语言）

Standing in front of the line, Emily _______________________________.

KEYS：felt her throat tight and her palms sweating

6、我焦虑不安，坐立不安。(形容词短语做状语）

_______________________, I felt like sitting on pins and needles.

KEYS：Full of anxiety

7、随着时间的流逝，焦虑感越来越强烈。（表紧张的名词做主语）

______________________ got increasingly stronger with each passing minute.

KEYS：The sense of anxiety

8、她在床上辗转反侧了一整夜，无法入睡。(非谓语做状语）

She couldn’t fall asleep , ___________________________.

KEYS：tossing and turning in bed for a whole night

9、我太着急了，以至于我的心都快跳出来了。（so…that结构）

I felt ___________________________ my heart almost jumped out of my throat.

转换为倒装句：___________________________ my heart almost jumped out of my throat.

KEYS：so anxious that，so anxious did I feel that

10、等待的时候，他的心跳得很厉害，手心出汗。(身体语言）

While waiting, his heart beat wildly and___________________________.

KEYS：his palms were sweaty

11、我的心跳加速，头脑一片空白。(身体语言）

My heart began to race and ___________________________.

KEYS：my mind went blank

12、我紧张地站在那儿， 不知道下一步怎么办。(巧用副词）

I stood there ____________, wondering what to do next.

KEYS：intensely

读后续写-“紧张”情绪表达最先出现在Clarissa Study。

adj./adv. ：guilty, regretful, guiltily

n./v. ：regret, guilt

固定短语：to one’s regret, with deep regret

补全句子训练

用表后悔、内疚和自责的表达补全下面各个句子：

1、手里拿着小狗雕塑，老人觉着心中涌起一阵懊悔。（名词短语）

With/Holding the little dog statue in his hand, the old man felt _______________ welled up in him.

KEYS：a flood of regret

2、简对自己所做的事感到后悔。（动词）

Jane ___________________ what she had done.

KEYS：regretted over

3、“要是我没有这么任性就好了。”她后悔地想，眼里涌出了泪水。（副词）

“If only I hadn’t acted so willfully.” she____________________, with teas welling up in her eyes.

KEYS： thought regretfully

4、“如果我没有和汤姆吵架，我就不会在这里了。”简后悔地想，眼里涌出了泪水。(虚拟语气、副词）

“If I ____________________ Tom, I wouldn’t have to be here.” Jane thought ______________, with tears welling up in her eyes.

KEYS：hadn’t quarreled with， regretfully

5、她想对汤姆发脾气说声对不起。（say sorry to sb. for sth.）

She wanted to __________________________.

KEYS：say sorry to Tom for losing her temper

6、我感到一种奇怪的恐惧感内疚。（名词短语）

I was feeling __________________________.

KEYS：a strange sense of guilt

7、我被一阵内疚所压倒，言语无法表达我的遗憾。（名词短语）

I was overcome by _____________________ and words failed to express my regret.

KEYS：a wave of guilt

8、我突然感到内心越来越内疚。（名词）

 I suddenly felt __________________________.

KEYS：guilt growing inside me

9、我满怀内疚，冲出去向Tom道歉。

_____________________, I rushed out to apologize to Tom.（分词短语做状语）

_____________________, I rushed out to apologize to Tom. (with 结构）

KEYS：Filled with guilt，With a sense of guilt

10、看着Tom泪流满面的脸，我开始感到后悔和内疚。(形容词）

Looking at Tom’s face wet with tears, I began to_____________________.

KEYS：feel guilty

11、我待在那里，眼里含着后悔的泪水。要是我没和Tom吵架那多好啊！(with 结构）

I stayed there_________________________. If only I hadn’t quarreled with Tom!

KEYS：with tears of regret in my eyes

12、很遗憾，我不能接受你的友好邀请。

I ____________________ that I am unable to accept your kind invitation. （动词）

KEYS：regret

13、我对我那些考虑不周的言辞开始感到后悔。（动词短语）

I ______________________my unconsidered remarks. 

KEYS：came to regret

读后续写-“后悔”情绪表达最先出现在Clarissa Study。

Mindmap解析

高频短语表达

1. feel a lump in one’s throat：如鲠在喉

【翻译小助手】看着颤抖的妹妹，我感到如鲠在喉。

_________________________________________________________

2. conceal ones+情绪名词：某人几乎无法掩饰某人的…情绪

【翻译小助手】Sam 几乎无法掩饰他的兴奋。

_________________________________________________________

3. a mixture of+情绪名词 and 情绪名词：感到既.….又.….

【翻译小助手】他感到既开心又后悔。

_________________________________________________________

4. pop into ones mind：涌入某人的脑海中/某人突然想起某物

【翻译小助手】妈妈的警告突然涌入她的脑海中。

_________________________________________________________

5. beyond description：无以言表/说不出话来

【翻译小助手】他的后悔之意无以言表。

_________________________________________________________

6. a surge of+情绪名词：感到一股/一阵/一丝…

【翻译小助手】她感到一丝放松。

_________________________________________________________

KEYS:

1. Looking at my trembling sister, I felt a lump in my throat.

2.Sam could hardly conceal his excitement.

3.He felt a mixture of happiness and regret.

4. Mom’s warning popped into her mind.

5. His regret was beyond description.

6. She felt a surge of relief.

高频句式表达积累

1. 人做主语的情绪“外露”

Judging from sb’s voice/eyes/expression/behavior, it was evident that sb was trapped in+情绪名

词

【翻译小助手】从他的眼神中可以看出来，很明显他现在非常紧张。

_________________________________________________________

2. 物作主语的情绪“外露”( A trace of+情绪名词+could be noticed in sb’s voice)

【翻译小助手】他的声音里透露出一丝紧张。

_________________________________________________________

3. 多种情绪在内心升腾奔涌

Sb felt a mixture of 情绪1+and 情绪 2+welling up in sb’s heart and surging through sb.

【翻译小助手】惊喜和感激在我的内心翻腾。

_________________________________________________________

4. 流眼泪(Tears of+情绪名词+welled up in ones eyes)

【翻译小助手】当她向司机感谢他的帮助时，她的眼睛里噙满了感激的泪水，而他只是暖暖

一笑。

_________________________________________________________

5. 动作链:知道了…之后，没有…，而是…(Knowing sth, instead of doing sth, sb did sth)

【翻译小助手】了解事情的经过后，父亲并没有责骂他们，而是鼓励他们再试一次。

_________________________________________________________

6. 动作发生先后:…之后，某人…(Having done sth,Having done sth,sb did sthsb did sth)

【翻译小助手】上了直升机之后，她无数次感谢他们。

_________________________________________________________

7. 没有任何事物可以.…(Nothing could do sth)

【翻译小助手】没有任何事物可以表达我们对你无比纯洁心灵的最深切的感激。

_________________________________________________________

8. 无灵主语+有灵谓语

【翻译小助手】突然，一股强烈的喜悦涌向我。

_________________________________________________________

9. so that倒装句(So+形容词+be sb that+完整句子)

【翻译小助手】他如此激动以至于说不出话来。

_________________________________________________________

10. 强调句(It was..that…)

【翻译小助手】正是Amanda的坚持和对她妹妹的爱带来了一个如此和谐美好的家庭一幕。

_________________________________________________________

KEYS:

1. Judging from his eyes, it was evident that he was trapped in nervousness.

2. A trace of nervousness could be noticed in his voice

3.I felt a mixture of thrill and gratitude welling up in my heart and surging through me

4. Tears of appreciation welled up in her eyes as she thanked the driver for his help, but he just

smiled warmly.

5.Knowing what had happened instead of scolding them the father encouraged them to cook

breakfast again.

6. Having got onboard the helicopter she thanked everyone million times.

7. Nothing can express our deepest gratitude for your purest heart.

8. Suddenly, a strong sense of delight came over me

9.So excited was he that he couldn’t say a word.

10.It was Amanda’s persistence and love for her sister that brought about such a harmonious and

sweet family scene.

读后续写-情绪&动作表达最先出现在Clarissa Study。

Mindmap解析

助人型的主题升华句

助人， 是读后续写的一个重要主题， 如 2020 年新高考全国卷(山东和海南卷)和 2021 年 1 月的
八省联考题。

参考句型 1 (行为传递式)
From then on+受助人行动+理由(倒装)
From then on, ….Only in this way could more and more people help each other in the future.
从那时起， …… 只有这样， 将来才能有越来越多的人互相帮助。

1. 2020 年 7 月新高考卷(山东、 海南)
讲述 Mrs. Meredith 和孩子们用制作爆米花让贫困家庭的孩子 Bernard 去卖， 来帮助解决其经济
困难的故事。 可借鉴上述句型， 写成：________________________________________________________________________________________
从那时起， 伯纳德决定帮助需要帮助的人。 只有这样， 将来才能有越来越多的人互相帮助。
________________________________________________________________________________________

2. 2021 年 1 月八省联考题
作者讲述自己的吉普车一次途中爆胎，得到墨西哥人的帮助，且偷偷返还作者给的报酬的故事。
可借鉴上述句型， 写成：
________________________________________________________________________________________
从那时起, 我在我的车里放了一个千斤顶和一些常见的工具。 当我在路上遇到需要帮助的人
时， 我会尽力像那一家人一样帮助他们。 只有这样， 将来才能有越来越多的人互相帮助。
________________________________________________________________________________________

参考句型 2 (感动感悟式)
动作(看到/拿到……)+受助人感动+感悟
sb looked at sth/ held sth, tears rolling down sb’s face without control. It is love that makes the world go around, which sb felt deep in one’s heart.
某人看到了某物或者拿着某物， 眼泪毫无控制地流了下来。 正是爱让世界转动， 在某人的心里
深深地感受到了这一点。

3. 2020 年 7 月新高考卷(山东、 海南)
他紧紧地握着硬币, 眼泪毫无控制地从脸上流了下来。 正是爱让世界转动， 伯纳德在他的心里
深深地感受到了这一点。
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 2021 年 1 月八省联考题
在续写第二段首句提到那一家墨西哥人递给作者一个纸袋， 里面有食物。 我们可以这样来写主
旨升华句。
________________________________________________________________________________________
我紧紧地握着纸袋， 眼泪毫无控制地从脸上流了下来。 正是爱让世界转动， 在我心里里深深地
感受到了这一点。
________________________________________________________________________________________

灵活句式： It dawned on sb. that……
5.我恍然大悟， 一刻的善良对另一个人来说意义重大， 而一个简单的行为可以使世界变得如此
美好。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6.无论贫富， 我们都应该为社会做点什么。 这是因为给予是幸福的源泉。
________________________________________________________________________________________

脱险型的主题升华句

那些涉及对生命造成了一定威胁的故事， 我们称之为“脱险”型。

如： 2020 年 7 月的浙江卷，
拍摄北极熊遇险； 2018 年 6 月浙江卷， 父子骑马迷路； 2017 年 6 月浙江卷， 骑车游玩遇狼脱
险； 2016 年 10 月浙江卷， 小两口野外游玩不幸走散， 女主人迷路， 在野外独自度夜的故事。

参考句型
结果+难忘的经历+感悟(冷静、 勇敢、 不放弃希望， 摆脱困境)
Ultimately, we did sth. What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’s always a way out of any plight as long as we stay calm/we never give up our hope.
最后， 我们做某事（写结果）。 多么难忘的经历啊！ 事实证明， 只要我们保持冷静/不放弃希
望， 就总有办法摆脱困境。

7.2018 年 6 月浙江卷
讲述爸爸带儿子去朋友家农场游玩迷路的故事。 文尾可以这样写：
最后， 我们走出了困住我们的森林/我们安然无恙地回到了家， 正好赶上吃晚饭。 多么难忘的
经历啊！ 事实证明, 只要我们保持冷静,就总有办法摆脱困境。

________________________________________________________________________________________

8. 2016 年 10 月浙江卷
讲述夫妻俩野外露营， 因小事发生争执， 女主人独自走进森林迷路的故事。 文尾可以这样写：
最后， 她见到了她的丈夫， 紧紧地抱着他， 激动得说不出话来。 多么难忘的经历啊！ 事实证明，
只要我们不放弃希望， 就总有办法摆脱困境。

________________________________________________________________________________________

9. 2017 年 6 月浙江卷
讲述和朋友一起骑车游玩， 野外遇到狼的故事。 文尾可以这样写：
最后， 狼跑开了， 消失在远处。 “我们很安全！ ”麦克以一种愉快的语气说。 多么难忘的经历
啊！ 事实证明， 只要我们保持冷静， 就总有办法摆脱困境。

________________________________________________________________________________________

成长型的题升华句

“改变”“成长”型， 也是读后续写一个重要主题。 有七类不同的改变模式。
1. 学习知识促“改变”
学习永远为时不晚。 每个人都应该并且有权利去接受更多的挑战， 做更多的尝试。
________________________________________________________________________________________

2. 发挥天赋促“改变”
事实上, 我们每个人都拥有与生俱来的与众不同的天赋, 只要我们善于发现它并将其发挥到极
致, 加上努力付出, 最终你就一定能创造奇迹。
________________________________________________________________________________________

3. 追逐梦想促“改变”
追梦永远不晚。 只要你抓住机会， 充分利用机会， 并且努力， 你就一定会实现梦想。
________________________________________________________________________________________

4. 克服困难促“改变”
通往成功的路不会平坦， 充满挑战和艰辛。 我们要勇敢面对。 只要不放弃希望并竭尽全力
克服所有困难， 我们最终会实现我们的目标。
________________________________________________________________________________________

5. 战胜恐惧促“改变”
战胜恐惧、 建立自信和实现目标， 需要决心和乐观。
________________________________________________________________________________________

6. 战胜自卑促“改变”
我笑了， 因为我最终意识到了自信的真正来源。 现在， 我为我的样子感到骄傲， 因为我已经意
识到， 决定你真正是谁的是你的个性。
________________________________________________________________________________________

7. 战胜消极促“改变”
对我们来说， 态度比事实更重要。 我们不能改变我们的过去， 我们不能改变事实。 然而， 我们
唯一能做的就是保持积极的态度。
________________________________________________________________________________________

KEYS：
例 1： From then on, Bernard made up his mind to help those in need. Only in this way, could more
and more people help each other in the future.
例 2： From then on, I placed a jack and some common tools in my car. When meeting people in need
on the road, I would try my best to help them like the family. Only in this way, could more and more
people help each other in the future.
例 3： Bernard held the coins tightly, tears rolling down his face without control. It is love that
makes the world go around, which Bernard felt deep in his little heart.
例 4： I held the paper bag tightly, tears rolling down my face without control. It is love that makes
the world go around, which I felt deep in my heart.
例 5： It dawned on me that a moment of kindness could mean so much to another, and that a simple
act could make the world so much better.
例 6： Whether rich or poor, we should be happy to do something for society. This is because giving
is the source of happiness.
例 7： Ultimately, we went out of the forest that trapped us / we arrived home safe and sound just in
time for supper. What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’ s always a way out of any
plight as long as we stay calm.
例 8： Ultimately, she saw her husband, hugged him tightly and was too thrilled to say anything. What
an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’ s always a way out of any plight as long as we
never give up our hope.
例 9： Ultimately, the wolf ran away and disappeared in the distance. “We are safe!” Mac said in
a pleasant tone. What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there’ s always a way out of any
plight as long as we stay calm.
改变句式
1. It’s never too late to learn. Each individual has the right to accept more challenges and make more
attempts.
2. Actually, each of us possesses a unique talent that we are born with. As long as we are good at
discovering it and developing it to the fullest, and also make efforts, we can create miracles in the
end.
3. It’s never too late to pursue your dream. As long as you seize every opportunity and take full
advantage of it, and also make every effort, you are sure to realize your dreams.
4. The journey to success is not smooth. It is full of challenges and hardships. We should be brave
to face them. As long as we don’t give up hope and make every effort to overcome all the difficulties,
we will surely achieve our goal finally.
5. Determination and optimism are what it takes to conquer your fear, build your confidence and
reach your goal.
6. I smiled as I eventually realized the real source of confidence. Now, I am proud of what I look
like, because I have come to realize that it is your personality that decides who you really are.
7.Attitude is more important than facts for us. We cannot change our past; we cannot change the fact.
However, the only thing we can do is hold a positive attitude.

读后续写-主题升华句型最先出现在Clarissa Study。