一些表示情感类的现在分词 doing（令人……），过去分词 done（人感到……）

 此类常见词汇：amaze（惊奇）, amuse（高兴、开心）, astonish（惊异、吃惊）, annoy（厌烦）, bore（烦恼）, confuse（迷惑）, depress（抑郁）, disappoint（失望）, delight（快乐）,  encourage（鼓舞）, embarrass（尴尬、难为情）, excite（激动）, frighten（害怕）,interest（感兴趣）, impress（印象深刻）, move（感动）, please（高兴）,puzzle（迷惑）,relax（放松）, satisfy（满意）, surprise（惊讶）, shock（震惊）,tire（疲劳、厌烦）, terrify（可怕）, touch（打动）, thrill（兴奋）, worry（担心） 等。

（注意：修饰人的声音，表情等，用 – ed 形式：his excited voice/look/expression 他兴奋的声音 / 表情）

It was a tiring day. It made me tired. 真是累人的一天。它使我感到很累。

The explanation was confusing. I got confused. 这个讲解是令人费解的，我被弄糊涂了。
Though surprised to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. 虽然看到我们感到很吃惊，教授热烈欢迎我们。

Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 实在累坏了，我溜上床很快就睡着了。

系表结构

“系表结构” 中的过去分词 done 已具有形容词的词性，可直接作状语，定语，表语，补足语等。

 此类常见词汇：addicted（上瘾的），  absorbed（专心于…… 的），accustomed（习惯的），born（出生的） , based on（以…… 为基础）， broken（破碎的）， connected（有关连的）, dressed（穿着），devoted（忠实的；献身于…… 的）, determined（决心的）， exposed（暴露的），equipped/furnished（装备好的），faced with（面对） ，  hidden（藏着的），  injured（受伤），  lost（陷入、丢失、迷路的），  located（坐落于…… 的，位于…… 的）, occupied（已占用的、忙于… 的），prepared for（准备的），related to （有关系的） ，  seated（坐着的）， worn out（用旧的，精疲力尽的）等。

Dressed in red, Mary looks more beautiful.（作状语）

The girl dressed in red is Mary.（作定语）

Mary is dressed in red. （作表语）

I found Mary dressed in red . （作宾补）

Please remain seated; the winner of the prize will be announced soon. 请在座位上坐着；很快就会宣布获奖者。（作表语）

Seated/ Sitting at the back of the classroom, he couldn’t see the words on the blackboard clearly. 由于坐在教室后面，他看不清黑板上的字。（作状语）

When I came in, I found a strange girl seated/sitting in the corner. 我进来时，发现一个陌生女孩坐在角落里。（作宾补）

Faced with a difficult situation, he decided to ask his boss for advice. 面对困难的局势，他决定征求老板的建议。（作状语）

Mindmap解析

过去分词 done adj.系列最先出现在Clarissa Study。

不定式作主语，表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作；在很多情况下，人们通常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后，使句子结构显得平稳一些。

To know something about English is one thing; to know English is quite another.懂一点英语是一回事；完全掌握英语是另一回事。

It is impossible to learn a foreign language without making painstaking efforts.想不下苦功就能学会一门外语是不可能的。

基本用法：

1．不定式作主语通常位于句首

To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can get. 爱和被爱是一个人能得到的最大幸福。

To get up early is necessary. 早起是必要的。

To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting. 读书不思考，犹如吃饭不消化。

2．it作形式主语代替不定式的几种形式

把it放在句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式(短语)放在后面。

It‘s not easy to work out the problem. 算出这道题不容易。

It is interesting to play with snow in winter. 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。

It作形式主语时有三种情况：

(1)常用形容词作它的表语。作真正主语的不定式通常有逻辑主语，一般用for短语来表示，即It is/was ＋adj.＋for sb to do sth(其中sb就是to do的逻辑主语)。

It’s important for us to keep the water clean. 保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。

[注意] 在“It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb to do sth”结构中，若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of，此时形容词常为kind，nice，foolish等词，且sb与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。

It’s very kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太好了。(可以说：You are very kind.)

(2)有时也接名词作表语。

It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship. 乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。

(3)It作形式主语时，还常用于“It takes/took/will take sb some time to do sth”句型中。

It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday. 昨天我做作业用了一个多小时。

It will take us a long time to walk there. 步行去那儿要花费我们很长时间。

3．“疑问词＋动词不定式(短语)”结构

动词不定式(短语)可与疑问词when, where, how, what, which, who等组合，在句中作主语。

Where to hold the meeting is still unknown. 会议地点还未知。

How to solve the problem has not been decided yet. 如何解决这个问题还未决定。

不定式作表语

动词不定式(短语)作表语相当于名词作表语。它和主语处在同等地位，所指的或是和主语一样的东西，或是主语产生的结果。常常可以将主、表交换位置，句子的意义不变。

基本用法：

1．主语是以aim, suggestion, duty, hope, idea, intention, plan, purpose, the way to do sth等为中心的名词词组时，或者以what引导的名词性分句表示时，一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。

My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. 我的想法是从北面爬这座山。

Our plan is to make better use of these materials. 我们的计划是更好地利用这些材料。

What I would suggest is to ask your father for his opinion on this matter. 我的建议是就这件事征求你父亲的意见。

The best way to encourage your kids to enjoy meals is to involve them in the planning and preparing. 鼓励孩子享受美食的最好方法是让他们参与计划和准备(美食)。

2．表示目的。

The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required. 下一步你要真正弄清楚需要的是什么。

The immediate goal is to bring the COVID­19 under control for all countries.对所有国家来说，当前的首要目标是控制新冠病毒。

3．用于被动语态，相当于can/could, should, ought to, must，具有情态意义。

The regulations are to be observed. 规章制度必须遵守。 (must)

You are to be rewarded. 你应受奖励。(should)

It’s nowhere to be found. 哪儿也找不到它。(can’t)

4．表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止”等。

They are to marry next week.他们将在下周结婚。(安排)

You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed. 要想成功，就必须有耐心，有毅力。(愿望)

5．动词不定式(短语)作表语时，可用主动形式表示被动意义。

Who is to blame for the fire？谁该对此次火灾负责？(be to blame结构常考)

The house is to let.该房屋出租。

Something is still to find out.有些东西还有待查明。

二、动词不定式(短语)作表语省略to的情况

动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但在以下几种情况下可省略不定式符号to：

1．all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，省略to。

All we need to do is live each day with hope. 我们需要做的就是带着希望过好每一天。

2．what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，省略to。

What I want to do is take a holiday right away. 我想马上就去度假。

3．(主句)主语被 only, first, one, last或形容词最高级修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，省略to。

In the evening the only thing he did was read the newspaper.晚上他唯一做的就是看报纸。

动词不定式(短语)作表语和v.­ing(短语)作表语的区别

1．动词不定式(短语)和v.­ing(短语)作表语时，要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致，即若句子的主语为v.­ing(短语)，则表语也应使用v.­ing(短语)；若主语为动词不定式(短语)，则表语也应使用动词不定式(短语)。

To see is to believe. ＝Seeing is believing.眼见为实。

2．动词不定式(短语)和v.­ing(短语)作表语时可换用，但以下情况除外：

(1)当动词所表达的是某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为或有待于实现的行为时，通常用动词不定式(短语)作表语。

Her best wish is to put her new ideas into practice. 她最大的愿望是将自己的新想法付诸实践。

(2)若动词所表达的并不强调动作，而是表示主语的内容，则通常用v.­ing(短语)作表语。

My favourite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。

What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被嘲笑。

[即时训练]单句语法填空

(1)My job is __________ (look)after the old in the nursing home.

(2)My job now is __________ (take) care of my injured brother at home.

(3)My hobby is __________ (listen) to country music.

KEYS：looking, to take, listening

Mindmap解析

习题-Exercises

1、单句语法填空

(1)____________ (teach) you the uses of the infinitive is my job today.

(2)____________ (look) after the safety of the community is his responsibility.

(3)____________ (solve) this annoying problem is really out of the question.

(4)How ___________ (cure) this kind of illness is still unknown.

(5)Whether ___________ (do) it or not has not been decided.

(6)How ___________ (deal) with such a person isn’t known yet.

(7) I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is __________ (open) a café.

(8) The UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is __________ (relieve) worldwide starvation.

(9) One way to begin is __________ (answer) your own excuses.

(10) What he hoped was __________ (admit) to Peking University.

(11) His aim is __________ (find) out a cure for the lung cancer one day.

2、补全句子

(1)__________________________________your umbrella in the train. 你真是粗心，把伞忘在了火车上。

(2) _________________________________what happened that day. 想起那天发生的事情，我被惊到了。

(3)__________________________________ her own children. 母亲担心她的孩子这是很自然的。

(4)All we have to do is ____________________. 我们要做的就是按下按钮。

(5)The only thing I can do is ______________________. 我唯一能做的就是陪伴你。

KEYS：

1、(1)-(5)To teach, To look, To solve, to cure, to do,
(6)-(11)to deal, to open, to relieve, to answer, to be admitted, to find

2、(1)It was careless of you to leave
(2)It shocked me to think of
(3)It is natural for a mother to worry about
(4)push the button
(5)keep you company

非谓语-不定式to do-作主语和表语最先出现在Clarissa Study。

过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作。 规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加 – ed 构成；不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。 过去分词一般在句子中可以用作定语、宾语补足语（作定语和宾补请看上一章）、表语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。

作表语

过去分词作表语时, 与谓语动词构成系表结构, 表示主语的性质、特征或状态。

其前的系动词可以是表状态的：be，keep, stay, remain等；表示“变成”的：become, get, go等以及表示“感官”的：  look, sound, feel等。

1、表“情感类”的过去分词done作表语，已具有形容词词性，表示“人感到……”。注意：这类词的现在分词doing表示“令人……”。

Everyone present is very inspired at his speech．听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。

You looked frightened. 你看起来很害怕。

He became interested in two theories.他对两种理论产生了兴趣。

The book is interesting and I’m interested in it.这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。

2、有些过去分词作表语，含“被动”之意，但强调主语所处的状态。

注意：过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或所处的状态；而被动语态中，强调主语是动作的承受者。

This shop is now closed．商店关门了。

The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。

Mary is dressed in red. 玛丽穿着红色的衣服。

The cup is broken. 杯子碎了。（强调状态）

The cup was broken by Tom. 杯子是被汤姆打碎的。（强调动作）

作状语

分词可作时间，条件，原因，让步，结果，方式，伴随等状语，相当于一个状语从句。分词作状语时，用来修饰一个句子，分词的逻辑主语必须和该句子的主语保持一致。过去分词作状语时，和该句子的主语构成被动关系。

1、作时间状语

Opened in 1955(= When Disneyland was opened in 1955), Disneyland in California is regarded as the original fun park. 在1955年被开放，加利福尼亚迪斯尼乐园被认为是非常有趣的原始的游乐场。

2、作条件状语

Given more time (=If we are given more time), we will do it better. 如果多给些时间，我们会做得更好。

3、作原因状语

Bitten twice by our dog(=Because the postman had been bitten twice by our dog), the postman refused to deliver our letters. 由于被我家的狗咬过两次,那个邮递员拒绝给我们送信。

4、作让步状语

Told many times(= Although he was told many times), he still couldn’t understand it.  虽然被告诉了好几遍，但她仍然不理解。

5、作方式或伴随状语

The teacher came in,  followed (= and was followed) by his students. 老师进来了，后面跟着他的学生。

注意事项

注意一：和现在分词作状语的区别

现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子的主语构成主动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语构成被动关系。

Seeing his mother, the baby stopped crying.一看见妈妈，婴儿停止哭泣。(句子的主语the baby 和see 构成主动关系)

Seen from the top of the mountain, the city is more beautiful. 从山顶看，城市更美丽。(句子的主语the city 和see构成被动关系)

注意二：“连词+doing/ done”句型

有些分词作状语，可在分词前加连词when，while，whenever，if, though/ although, once, until/ till, unless, as, even if/ though, as if/ though等。即：

①连词+doing（表主动，进行）

②连词+done（表被动，完成）

While waiting for a bus(=while he was waiting for a bus), he met an old friend. 他在等车时，遇到了一位老朋友。

He will not attend the party unless invited (=unless he is invited).除非被邀请他才去参加聚会。

All is going well as planned/scheduled. (=as it is planned/scheduled). 一切都按原计划进展顺利。

转化成形容词的分词

1、一些表示情感类的现在分词doing（令人……），过去分词done（人感到……）

 此类常见词汇：amaze（惊奇）, amuse（高兴、开心）, astonish（惊异、吃惊）, annoy（厌烦）, bore（烦恼）, confuse（迷惑）, depress（抑郁）, disappoint（失望）, delight（快乐）,  encourage（鼓舞）, embarrass（尴尬、难为情）, excite（激动）, frighten（害怕）,interest（感兴趣）, impress（印象深刻）, move（感动）, please（高兴）,puzzle（迷惑）,relax（放松）, satisfy（满意）, surprise（惊讶）, shock（震惊）,tire（疲劳、厌烦）, terrify（可怕）, touch（打动）, thrill（兴奋）, worry（担心） 等。

（注意：修饰人的声音，表情等，用-ed形式：his excited voice/look/expression他兴奋的声音/表情）

It was a tiring day. It made me tired.真是累人的一天。它使我感到很累。

The explanation was confusing. I got confused. 这个讲解是令人费解的，我被弄糊涂了。
Though surprised to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.虽然看到我们感到很吃惊，教授热烈欢迎我们。

Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.实在累坏了，我溜上床很快就睡着了。

2、“系表结构”中的过去分词done已具有形容词的词性，可直接作状语，定语，表语，补足语等。

 此类常见词汇：addicted（上瘾的），  absorbed（专心于……的），accustomed（习惯的），born（出生的） , based on（以……为基础）， broken（破碎的）， connected（有关连的）, dressed（穿着），devoted（忠实的；献身于……的）, determined（决心的）， exposed（暴露的），equipped/furnished（装备好的），faced with（面对） ，  hidden（藏着的），  injured（受伤），  lost（陷入、丢失、迷路的），  located（坐落于……的，位于……的）, occupied（已占用的、忙于…的），prepared for（准备的），related to （有关系的） ，  seated（坐着的）， worn out（用旧的，精疲力尽的）等。

Dressed in red, Mary looks more beautiful.（作状语）

The girl dressed in red is Mary.（作定语）

Mary is dressed in red. （作表语）

I found Mary dressed in red . （作宾补）

Please remain seated; the winner of the prize will be announced soon. 请在座位上坐着；很快就会宣布获奖者。（作表语）

Seated/ Sitting at the back of the classroom, he couldn’t see the words on the blackboard clearly. 由于坐在教室后面，他看不清黑板上的字。（作状语）

When I came in, I found a strange girl seated/sitting in the corner.我进来时，发现一个陌生女孩坐在角落里。（作宾补）

Faced with a difficult situation, he decided to ask his boss for advice. 面对困难的局势，他决定征求老板的建议。（作状语）

Mindmap解析-过去分词done-作表语和状语

习题-Exercises

Fill in the blank with the right form of the words provided.

1. __________（paint） in dark colours, the room needed some bright lights.

2. ___________（unemploy）, Dave had time to consider what job he really wanted.

3. ___________（move） by his romantic words, the girl accepted his gift.

4. __________（correct） by his teacher from time to time, he lost interest in singing.

5. _________（record） in a new way, the album was expected to be popular with techno fans.

6. __________（invite） to perform on the stage, he felt nervous and excited.

7.The_________look on her face suggested that she was ________ by the ________ scene.（frighten）

8.The news was________ and they were all ________ at it.（excite）

9. We all felt __________ at the __________news. （encourage）

10.The audience were all ________ to tears by the ________film.（move）

11.Children, when ________（accompany） by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.

12.While waiting for the opportunity to get _________（promote）,Henry did his best to perform his duty.

13.Why do you always look ________（tire）?

14.I was ________（disappoint） at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.

15.Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, ________（absorb） in his video games.

16._______（lose） in thought, he didn’t hear the bell.

17. Highly _______（interest） in music, Henry began to write original compositions when he was in high school.

18._______（please） with his music and songs, they finally invited him to perform in the Silver Hall.

19.Though _______（affect） by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry was still capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness.

20.______（absorb） in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.

KEYS：

1. Painted  2.Unemployed  3.Moved  4.Corrected  5.Recorded

6.Invited 7. frightened ;frightened; frightening  8. exciting; excited  9.encouraged ; encouraging  10.moved; moving 

11.accompanied  12.promoted  13.tired   14.disappointed  15.absorbed 

16.Lost  17. interested  18. Pleased 19. affected 20. Absorbed

非谓语-过去分词done-作表语和状语最先出现在Clarissa Study。

现在分词一般表示主动的和进行的动作。 规则动词的现在分词由动词原形加-ing构成。现在分词一般在句子中可作的成分与过去分词done一样，可作定语、宾语补足语（作定语和宾补请看上一章）、表语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。

作表语

（一）现在分词作表语时, 与谓语动词构成系表结构, 表示主语的性质、特征或状态。

其前的系动词可以是表状态的：be，keep, stay, remain等；表示“变成”的：become, get, go等以及表示“感官”的：  look, sound, feel等。

1、表“情感类”的现在分词doing表示“令人……”，已具有形容词词性。注意：这类词的过去分词done作表语，表示“人感到……”。

用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing，amusing，confusing，disappointing，boring，encouraging，inspiring，moving，tiring，interesting，surprising等。

(1)作表语时，系动词除be外还有appear，sound，look，become，come，get，go，grow，keep，remain，seem等。

(2)动词－ing形式作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；而进行时态中的动词－ing形式是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。

The present situation is encouraging.(表语)目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。

The present situation is encouraging us to stride forward in production.(现在进行时)目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。

The problem is quite pressing.(表语)问题很紧迫。

She is pressing the button.(现在进行时)她正在按电钮。

（二）v．­ing形式作表语可分为两种情况：现在分词和动名词。现在分词作表语主要表示主语的性质和特征，而动名词作表语则主要是对主语内容的进一步说明和解释。

• My job is interesting.我的工作很有趣。
• My job is teaching.我的工作是教书。

现在分词和动名词作表语时的区别：第一句中的interesting为现在分词，它表示“工作”的特征；第二句中的teaching为动名词，它是对“工作”内容的进一步说明。正因为如此，动名词作表语时可与主语交换位置，而现在分词作表语则不可与主语交换位置。

误：Interesting is my job.

正：Teaching is my job.

作状语

现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随、评论性状语、独立主格结构等，相当于状语从句。

1、作时间状语，位于句子前半部分，可与when, while引导的时间状语从句相互转换;有时分词前加when或while以示强调。

When(when可省略) comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences. = When we are comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences. 在比较不同的文化时，我们往往只注意差异。

2、作原因状语，表示原因，位于句子前半部分，可与as, since, because引导的原因状语从句相互转换。

Being ill, she didn’t go to school as usual today.=Because she was ill, she didn’t go to school as usual today. 因为生病，她今天没像往常一样去上学。

Not coming on time, he was punished.＝ Because he didn’t come on time，he was punished.(原因)
因为没有按时来，他受到了惩罚。

3、作条件状语，位于句子前半部分，可与if, unless等引导的条件状语从句相互转换。

Turning right, you will find the circus you want.=If you turn right, you will find the circus you want.

向右转，你会找到你想找的马戏团。

4、作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句，有时现在分词(短语)前可带有连词although, even if, even though等。

Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= Though they know all this, they made me pay for the damage. .尽管知道了这一切，他们还是让我赔偿损失。

5、结果状语，表示必然的结果，通常放在句末。有时为了突出结果，现在分词前可加thus,相当于so或so that引导的结果状语从句。

The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children. 那位母亲去世了，给她的孩子们留下了一大笔钱。

Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking roads, paths and railway lines. 1500万棵树被大风刮倒，堵塞了道路和铁路线。

6、方式或伴随状语，谓语动词表示动作发生的方式、背景或情况。此时分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生。现在分词或分词短语作伴随状语时可以转换成并列成分。

He sat at the table reading China Daily. = He sat at the table and read China Daily他坐在桌子旁看《中国日报》。

7、评论性状语，有些现在分词(短语)没有逻辑主语而独立存在，往往位于句首用来修饰全句，表明说话者的态度、观点等。

如：Judging from/by 由….判断         

Considering..考虑到…..   

Supposing/providing/assuming..如果/假设…..

Generally/ strictly /honestly/roughly/frankly speaking   一般/严格/诚实/大致/坦率说来

Considering the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals.就对方的实力而论，我们能进两个球就很不错了。

Generally speaking, the parks are full on holidays. 一般来说，假日里公园都挤满人。

8、独立主格结构

有时现在分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，有时还可以表示时间、原因、条件或解释整个句子。

There being no bus, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。

She sat behind the table, her chin resting in her hands. 她坐在桌子后面，双手托着下巴。

Not doing结构

现在分词的否定结构：现在分词的否定式由“not＋现在分词”构成。

Not knowing where to go，she went to the police for help. 不知道要去哪儿，她向警察寻求帮助。

Not being seen by anyone，the thief escaped. 趁着没被任何人看见，小偷逃跑了。

Not having done it right，I tried again. 第一次没做对，我又尝试了一次。

现在分词的时态

(1)一般式：现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。

She sat there，reading a novel. 她坐在那里看小说。

A little child learning to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常跌倒。

(2)现在分词的完成式：所表示的动作通常在谓语动词的动作之前发生。

Having finished her homework，the little girl began to watch TV.做完作业后，这个小女孩开始看电视。

Having lived in Beijing for many years，Carter knew the city well.因为在北京住了多年，卡特对这个城市很熟悉。

现在分词的被动式

现在分词的被动式表示其逻辑主语与现在分词动作是被动关系。

(1)现在分词的一般被动式：being done 正在被…….

The building being built is our library. 正在建的那栋楼是我们的图书馆。

Being repaired，the swimming pool won’t open until next month.由于正在被修理，直到下个月游泳池才会开放。

(2)现在分词的完成被动式：Having been done 被…之后，……

Having been warned by the teacher，the students didn’t make such mistakes.被老师警告之后，学生们不再犯这样的错误了。

Having been told many times，he still did not know how to do it.被教授好多次了，他还是不知道怎么做。

Mindmap解析-现在分词doing-作表语和状语

习题-Exercises

一、按动词的适当形式填空。

1. These lanterns hanging along the street are ____________ (amaze)．

2. The news is so  ____________ (excite) that all the students jumped with joy.

3. The workers’ task is ____________ (collect) information from all the material.

4. Her job is ____________ (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible.

5. Hearing the ____________ (interest) story，everyone became happier from then on.

6. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is nest to him ,  ____________ (whisper) support.

7. The researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times ____________ (use) the smart keyboard.

8. As I approached mile 23 ,I could see my wife ____________ (wave) a sign.

9. In the 1960s ,while ___________ (study) the volcanic history of Yellow tone National Park ,Bob Christiansen bacame puzzled about something.

10. They will come rushing in , ____________ (say) their handbag`s been stolen.

11. We all grew up  ____________ (hear) people tell us to “go out and some fresh air”.

12. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing , ______________ (change) the face of Kilimanjaro.

13. _______________ (understand) her good intentions ,I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with appreciation

14. She sat at the desk ____________ (do) her homework.

15. Newly­built wooden cottages line the street ______________ (turn) the old town into a dreamland.

KEYS：1-5 amazing, exciting, collecting, keeping, interesting,

6-10 whispering, using, waving, studying, saying,

11-15 hearing, changing, Understanding, doing, turning

二、完成句子

1．因为不理解这个问题，他问了老师。

__________________________________________，he asked the teacher about it.

2．中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。

More highways have been built in China，__________________________________________for people to travel from one place to another.

3．有人看见嫌疑犯进入了这座大楼。

The suspect __________________________________________the building.

4．他让灯着了一整晚，这使他父母很生气。

He__________________________________________all night，which made his parents very angry.

5．我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话。

I__________________________________________to your dad like that.

KEYS：

1．Not understanding this problem，he asked the teacher about it.

2．More highways have been built in China，making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

3．The suspect was seen entering the building.

4．He had the light burning all night，which made his parents very angry.

5．I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that.

非谓语-现在分词doing-作表语和状语最先出现在Clarissa Study。