强调句是一种表达方式，用于强调句子中的某个词或短语，以突出它的重要性或区别于其他内容。通常使用强调句来表达情感或增强语气。

强调句的构成方式是将强调的词或短语放在句子中的特定位置，并加上适当的语调和语气。

强调句 It is/was…that…

强调句型的结构为It is / was … that / who …，用来强调除谓语以外的任何成份。被强调的部分放在is / was的后面。如果被强调的是人，则后面用who或that；如果被强调的是物或其他情况，则用that。

强调主语：通常使用“it is/was...who/that...”结构，将原句主语后移至“that”前面，强调主语的重要性。
例如：
It was Peter who/that finished the project on time.（是Peter按时完成了这个项目。）
I met a woman yesterday, and it was she who/that helped me find my way.（昨天我遇到一个女人，是她帮我找到了路。）
It was her hard work and dedication that led to her success.（是她的辛勤工作和奉献精神使她成功。）

强调宾语：通常使用“it is/was...whom/that...”结构，将原句宾语后移至“who/that”前面，强调宾语的重要性。
例如：
We need to buy a new computer, and it is the latest model that we're interested in.（我们需要购买一台新电脑，我们对最新型号感兴趣。）
It was Li Yang that I met at the train station yesterday.（我昨天在地铁站遇见了李阳。）

强调状语部分：It is/was + 被强调的状语 + that + 其他部分，可用来强调方式状语、地点状语和时间状语。
例如：
It was in the park that I met her.（是在公园里我遇到了她。）
It is with great pleasure that I accept this award.（我非常高兴地接受这个奖项。）

not …until … 句型的强调句（出题老师最爱）

• 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till 11:00pm.
• 强调句：It was not until 11:00pm that he went to bed.
• 倒装句：Not until 11:00pm did he go to bed.
• —————————————————–
• 普通句：I didn’t realize she was a superstar until/ till she took off her sunglasses.
• 强调句：It was not until she took off her sunglasses that I realized she was a superstar.
• 倒装句： Not until she took off her sunglasses did I realize she was a superstar.

注：普通句中可以用until或者till，强调句只能用until

强调句的判断

判断是否为强调句的标准：如果将句中的it is/was和that/who去掉，看剩余的部分结构是否完整，句意是否明了，如果是，则为强调句型。如：

It was Mary that has won the first place. 将句中的it was和that 去掉, 原句变为:

Mary has won the first place. 句子结构完整，表意明确，故原句为强调句。

又如：

It is surprising that Mary should have won the first place. 如果将it is和that去掉，那么原句变为:

Mary should have won the first place surprising. 这个句子不完整，所以原句不是强调句型。此句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。

It was those children that I saw playing by the pond.将句中的it was和that去掉，则变成：I saw those children playing by the pond. 该句是一个完整的句子，故原句为强调句。

注意事项

1. 如果被强调的是句子的状语，则不可用when, where或because等相应的词, 而必须用that。如：

It was on the bus that I met her yesterday.   强调地点状语on the bus，注意不能用where。

It was when I was in the kitchen that  I heard an explosion.  强调时间状语when I was in the kitchen，注意不可用when。

2. 如果被强调部分是名词或代词的复数形式，系动词仍然用is或was。如：

It was stupid students who/that don’t ask questions.  尽管强调的是stupid students，是复数，仍然用is。

It was those children that I saw playing by the pond.  尽管强调的是those children，是复数，仍然用was。

3. 在强调主语时，that/who后的谓语应与前面被强调的主语保持一致。如：

It is you who are wrong.  are与you保持一致 

It is I who am wrong.   am与I 保持一致

It is Mr Wilson who/that is the chairman.    is与Mr Wilson 保持一致

4. 在强调until引出的时间状语时, 其句型为：It is not until … that …,  一般多译成汉语的肯定句。如：
It was not until 1972 that we began studying English. 直到1972年我们才开始学习英语。
It was not until yesterday that I noticed it. 我一直到昨天才注意到它。

5. 该句型的一般疑问句形式：Is / Was it …that …? 如：

Is it Mr Wilson that is the chairman?
Is it not until yesterday that you noticed it?
注意：在强调when, where, who, what等时，须将这类特殊疑问词放在句如：

When was it that the story took place? 而不说：Was it when that the story took place?
What is it that you have to sell? 而不说：Is it what that you have to sell?

6. 由since/as引导的原因状语不可以作为被强调的部分。

如不能说：It was since it raised so many difficult questions that the book took a long time to come out. 这是因为由since/as引导的原因状语从句通常是一种已知信息，而已知信息是不需要强调的。

如果原因状语从句由because引出，则为未知信息，所以because引出的分句可作为强调句中被强调的部分。如:It was because it raised so many difficult questions that the book took a long time to come out.

7. 由though/although引导的让步状语从句及条件状语从句等也通常不能作为强调句中的被强调部分。如：The natives were generous although they were poor.
不可以改写成：It was although they were poor that the natives were generous.

习题-Exercise

1.—Were all three people in the car injured in the accident?

    —No, _________ only the two passengers who got hurt. 

    A. it was   B. there is         C. it were                  D. there was

2. —Who is making so much noise in the garden? 

    — _________ the children.

    A. It is              B. They are     C. That is         D. There are

3. It was _________ she was about to go out __________ the telephone rang.

    A. when; that          B. so; that        C. before; then        D. when; before

4. It was _________ he said _________ disappointed me.

   A. what; that   B. that; what  C. that; when          D. it; when

5. _________ that silver is not widely used as a conductor?

   A. Why is  B. Is it why      C. Why is it      D. Why is that

6. —I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?

   — It was in the hotel _________ he lived

   A. that          B which           C. the one        D. where

7. It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.  

   A. which; that           B. that; where         C. which; which      D. that; which

8. It was _________ it was raining so hard that we had to stay at home all day.

   A. since     B. for                C. as                 D. because

9. Is __________ three hours __________ the boy _________family is poor to come to school on foot?

   A. it; that; whose                       B. it; that it takes; whose  

   C. it for; that it takes; whose              D. it; when; that

10. It is a winter night _________ he spent with me last night.  

   A. that       B. where          C. as                 D. when

参考答案：AAAAD DADBD

强调句最先出现在Clarissa Study。

it, one, ones

“it”通常是用于代替前面提到的特定事物或情况，而”one”通常是用于泛指某个事物或情况，“ones”是“one”的复数形式。

"It"是一个指代代词，用于代替前面提到过的事物或情况，或者作为形式主语或形式宾语。它通常不具有人称和性别的含义。
例如：
I bought a storybook yesterday. It’s very interesting.（这里的It代指前文提到的书）
"It is raining outside."（表示天气,“it”指代的就是“下雨”这个情况。） 
"I find it difficult to learn Chinese."（这里的ti代指学中文很难这件事情）

"One"是一个指示代词，通常用于代替前面提到的某个事物或情况，并且通常带有泛指的含义。它也可以用作形容词或代表数量的词。
例如：
"I like this book, but the other one is better."（这里的one表示另一本书） 
"One should always respect others."（这里的one表示一个人，泛指）
--- Who has a pen?--- I have one. You can use it.（这里的one表示“同类不同物”）
Your pens wrtie well, I want to buy ones.(这里的ones表示复数，相当于some)

It作形式主语

1) It is＋adj.+ for sb＋to do sth. 这里的形容词用来形容后面“to do”这件事情，此类形容词有：simple，easy, hard, difficult, possible, impossible, surprising, interesting, important, necessary,good, bad, exciting等。
如：It’s important to exercise regularly.
It was difficult for them to finish the task in such a short time.
It is necessary for us to keep learning in the modern world.
2) It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth. 该句型中，形容词只能用来描述某人的品德、特征，如：kind, rude, wise, foolish, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, clever等。
如：How rude it was of the boy to jump the queue!
It is polite of the boy to offer his seat to the old man.
3) It takes sb. … to do …. 意为“花费某人多长时间去做某事”
如：It takes much time and effort to finish the task.
4) It is no use/fun/good doing …. 意为“做某事是没有用/乐趣/好处的”
如：It is no use crying over spilt milk.
5) It is clear (true, possible, certain⋯) that ⋯ 常译为“（清楚，显然,，真的， 可能，肯定 ⋯⋯) ”
如：It is very clear that we can’t live with water so we must try our best to protect it.
6）It is said ( reported, believed, thought, learned ⋯) that ⋯ 常译为“据说( 据报道， 据悉 ⋯⋯) ”
如：It is reported that 10 people died in the accident.
7) It is a pity ( a shame ⋯) that ⋯ …… 真遗憾！……真可惜！
如：It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
8) It is ( has been) ⋯ since ⋯ 自从……以来有多多长时间了
如：It is (has been) 5 years since he went abroad.
9) It happens ( seems, looks, appears ) that ⋯ 意为“碰巧(看来, 看起来）
如：It happened that he came across his teacher in the street.
It seems that he can’t finish the task on his own.

It 作形式宾语

基本结构为“动词＋it＋adj,＋不定式”，此类动词通常为think, find, feel, make, believe, consider等。
如：Planes make it easy to travel around the world.
I consider it necessary to do more reading.
I think it important to learn English by speaking.

I find it difficult to learn a new language.

It强调句：It is/was…that…

有时候我们会用强调句的结构来强调某个事物或情况，这时候“it”也会出现在句子中。

例如：

“It was Kate who broke the vase.”（是凯特打碎了花瓶。）
It was Mary who won the first prize in the competition.（是玛丽赢得了比赛的第一名。）

Mind map（It is adj. for/of sb to do）

例句

关于It的用法，其实也可以多读读，读得多了，自然也就有些语感了。

It's raining outside, so don't forget your umbrella.
I find it difficult to understand his accent.
It was a wonderful party, thanks for inviting me.
It is important to eat a healthy diet and get enough exercise.
It took me a long time to learn it, but now I can play the guitar.
I can't find my phone, have you seen it?
It's not my fault that we missed the bus, it was running early.
I think it's time we left the party and went home.
It's clear that you didn't study for the exam, your score was very low.
It seems like everyone is busy these days, it's hard to find time to get together.

It 与It is 句型用法详解最先出现在Clarissa Study。