由…制成 be made of/made from/made out of

1. be made of：指物质本身的构成，看得出原材料，主要与固体有关。

例如：This cup is made of glass.（这个杯子是用玻璃制成的。）

2. made from：指在原材料基础上经过加工、改变形态而制成，看不出原材料，主要与液体、气体、粉末等有关。

例如：This bread is made from wheat.（这个面包是由小麦制成的。）

3. made out of：指用原有材料通过加工、拼接等方式制成新的物品，主要与废弃物、旧物有关。

例如：The bookshelf is made out of old wooden pallets.（这个书架是用旧木托盘制成的。）

由…制成 be made by/made in/made with

这三个短语也表示“由……制成”，但用法也不同：

1. be made by：指制作的动作或过程，由某人制作，用于被动语态。

例如：This silk scarf was made by my grandmother.（这件丝巾是我祖母织的。）

2. made in：指产品生产地，可以用于国家、城市、公司等。

例如：This car was made in Germany.（这辆车是德国制造的。）

3. made with：指用在制品中的材料或原料。

例如：This cake is made with flour, sugar, and eggs.（这个蛋糕是用面粉、糖和鸡蛋制成的。）

注意事项：

1. be made系列短语的用法很多，所以要根据具体的场景来选择使用。

2. 在日常口语中，be made of和be made from通常可以通用，而be made out of相对来说在口语中用得较少。

Mindmap解析

习题-Exercises

1. This shirt is ______ cotton.

A. made of

B. made from

C. made out of

2. This doll was ______ by my mom.

A. made by

B. made in

C. made with

3. This watch was ______ Switzerland.

A. made by

B. made in

C. made with

4. This chair is ______ bamboo.

A. made of

B. made from

C. made out of

5. This bookshelf was ______ by the carpenter.

A. made by

B. made in

C. made with

6. This hamburger is ______ beef and cheese.

A. made of

B. made from

C. made out of

7. This dress was ______ silk.

A. made of

B. made from

C. made out of

8. This vase was ______ clay.

A. made of

B. made from

C. made out of

9. This phone was ______ in China.

A. made by

B. made in

C. made with

10. This whisky was ______ barley(大麦).

A. made of

B. made from

C. made out of

答案：

1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.B