定义
情态动词是指用来表达说话者观点、态度、意愿、推测等语气的动词,如 can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would。它们的基本特点是:没有人称和数的变化,没有现在分词和过去分词形式,后面跟动词原形构成谓语。
基本用法
表示能力:can/could
例如:I can swim. (我会游泳。)
I can speak English fluently.(我能够流利地说英语。)
表示请求、许可:may/might/could
例如:May I leave early today? (我今天可以早走吗?)
Could you please pass me the salt?(请你把盐递给我好吗?)
表示推测、猜测:may/might/could
例如:He might be at home now. (他现在可能在家。)
She can’t be home now because she told me she would go to the library this afternoon.(她不可能在家因为她告诉我她下午要去图书馆。)
表示义务、必须:must/should
例如:You must follow the rules. (你必须遵守规定。)
We should respect the old.(我们应该尊敬老人。)
表示意愿、打算:will/would
例如:I will visit my grandparents this weekend. (我打算这个周末去看望我的祖父母。)
情态动词的否定形式是在其后面加上 not 或 n’t。
例如:You can’t swim. (你不会游泳。)
情态动词的疑问形式是将其置于主语之前,并且没有助动词 do/does/did。
例如:Can you swim? (你会游泳吗?)
注意事项
1、情态动词没有人称和数的变化,也没有进行时态和完成时态等变化形式。
2、情态动词与否定形式连用时,通常在情态动词后面加 not 或 n’t。
例句:He can’t play the guitar.(他不会弹吉他。)
3、情态动词与疑问形式连用时,通常将情态动词提到主语前面,不需要加助动词 do。
例句:Can you speak French?(你会说法语吗?)
4、情态动词常常用于虚拟语气中,表示假设、愿望、建议等。
例句:If I had more time, I would learn a new language.(如果我有更多时间,我会学一门新语言。)
不同的情态动词有着不同的用法和含义,需要根据具体情况来选择使用合适的情态动词。
Mindmap解析
习题-Exercises
1.You ____________ come to my party if you want to. (can, must, should, will)
2.He ____________ have gone to the store by now. (may, could, will, would)
3.You ____________ go to bed earlier if you want to feel rested. (must, should, would, could)
4.I'm afraid I ____________ not attend your presentation next week. (can, may, must, will)
5.If he ____________ more time, he would have finished the project. (had, has, have, will have)
6.You ____________ not be late for the meeting tomorrow. (may, should, can, must)
7.I ____________ like to go to the movies tonight, but I have to study. (would, could, can, will)
8.The concert ____________ be canceled due to the weather. (may, must, should, would)
9.You ____________ to work on your public speaking skills. (must, can, need, will)
10.If I ____________ you, I would study harder for the exam. (am, were, will be, would be)
答案:
1-5 can, may, should, can, had
6-10 must, would, may,need to (这里没有情态动词,但 need to 是表示必须的动词短语), were