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		<title>数词Numerals-基数词、序数词、具数与概数？</title>
		<link>https://claristudy.com/p/150/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2023 01:36:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[词类 Part of Speech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[具数]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基数词]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[序数词]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数词]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[概数]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>无论哪种语言，数词的表达都是很基础的，必须要知道一些常用的数词表达。 定义 英语中数词（numerals）是表 [&#8230;]</p>
<p><a href="https://claristudy.com/p/150/">数词Numerals-基数词、序数词、具数与概数？</a>最先出现在<a href="https://claristudy.com">Clarissa Study</a>。</p>
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<p>无论哪种语言，数词的表达都是很基础的，必须要知道一些常用的数词表达。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">定义</h2>



<p>英语中数词（numerals）是表示数量的词语。数词分为基数词（cardinal numbers）和序数词（ordinal numbers），其中基数词表示具体的数量，而序数词则表示该数量的顺序。</p>



<p>以下是数词的分类和基本用法：</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">基数词</h2>



<p>基数词包括0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9等数字，以及由这些数字组合而成的复合数字，例如10、11、12、13、20、30、40等。基数词可以用来表示数量、时间、价格等。</p>



<p>例子：</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>There are three apples on the table.（桌子上有三个苹果。）
It's ten o'clock.（现在是十点钟。）
The price is fifty dollars.（价格是50美元。）</code></pre>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">序数词</h2>



<p>序数词表示数量的顺序，例如第一、第二、第三等。在表示日期、年份、世纪等方面也有广泛的应用。序数词前面需要加the或one&#8217;s</p>



<p>例子：</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>This is my first time to get the first place in the competition.（这是我第一次在比赛中得第一名。）
Today is the fifth of May.（今天是五月五日。）
The 21st century is the age of technology.（21世纪是技术时代。）</code></pre>



<p>附：将基数词变为序数词的规则如下：</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>对于以数字1、2和3结尾的基数词，通常将其转换为序数词时，将结尾的字母"st"、"nd"和"rd"分别替换为"st"、"nd"和"rd"，例如：
one → first
two → second
three → third

对于其他数字结尾的基数词，通常将其转换为序数词时，将结尾的字母"y"替换为"i"，并在其后面加上"th"，例如：
four → fourth
five → fifth
six → sixth

对于以"e"结尾的基数词，通常直接在其后面加上"th"，例如：
twelve → twelfth
twenty → twentieth

需要注意的是，有些数字的序数词的形式与上述规则不完全相同，例如：
one → first
two → second
three → third
five → fifth
eight → eighth
nine → ninth
twelve → twelfth
因此，对于这些数字，需要记忆其序数词的形式，以免出错</code></pre>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">分数</h2>



<p>分数表示一个量被分成几份的比例，通常用分子和分母表示。分子表示被分出来的数量，分母表示总共分成的数量。</p>



<p>例子：</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>She ate half of the pizza.（她吃掉了披萨的一半。）
The team won three quarters of the games.（这个团队赢了四分之三的比赛。）

one third   1/3
two thirds  2/3</code></pre>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">小数</h2>



<p>小数表示一个量被分成更小的单位的比例，通常用小数点表示。小数点前的数字表示整数部分，小数点后的数字表示小数部分。“点”读point，小数点后的数字，直接念该数字即可。</p>



<p>例子：</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>The temperature is 27.5 degrees Celsius.（温度是27.5摄氏度。）（27.5 读 twenty seven point five）
The car traveled 3.75 miles on one gallon of gas.（这辆车用一加仑汽油行驶了3.75英里。）（3.75 读 three point seven five）</code></pre>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">具体数量与一定范围内不确定的数量表达</h2>



<p>我们需要认识这几个单位：<strong>百 hundred; 千 thousand; 百万 million;十亿 billion</strong></p>



<p>①当以上数词与具体数字搭配时，它们后面不能加s和of。例如：<strong>two hundred students</strong></p>



<p>②基数词表达不确定的数目，表示“数以百计”是 hundreds of； “数以千计”是 thousands of； “数以百万计” 是 millions of； “数以十亿计”是 billions of。例如：<strong>hundreds of students</strong><br>③<strong>当hundred, thousand, million 和billion与具体数字搭配时不加 s和of，如果前面没有具体数字，那么则需要加s和of。</strong></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">固定搭配短语</h2>



<p>①He is 11 years old. = He is an 11-year-old boy.（有横杆不+s）； 又如：a 10 minutes&#8217; break = a 10-minute break （10分钟休息）</p>



<p>②年代：in the 1970s 在20世纪70年代</p>



<p>③岁数：in one&#8217;s twenties 在某人20多岁时（20以上，整十的数词复数）</p>



<p>④长宽高，该复数就复数：10 meters long/high/wide</p>



<p>⑤1.5小时/2.5小时系列：one hour and a half = one and a half hours; two hours and a half = two and a half hours</p>



<p>总之，数词是表达数量的重要词汇，掌握好数词的分类和用法可以帮助你更好地使用英语。</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">思维导图解析</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="867" src="https://claristudy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/img_3639-1024x867.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-244" srcset="https://claristudy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/img_3639-1024x867.jpg 1024w, https://claristudy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/img_3639-300x254.jpg 300w, https://claristudy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/img_3639-768x650.jpg 768w, https://claristudy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/img_3639-1536x1301.jpg 1536w, https://claristudy.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/img_3639.jpg 1587w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">习题-Exercise</h2>



<p>单项选择</p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>1.Two _____ students in our school are from the countryside.
&nbsp;&nbsp;A.hundred of
&nbsp;&nbsp;B.hundreds of
&nbsp;&nbsp;C.hundred
&nbsp;&nbsp;D.hundreds

2.—How many students in your class get to school on foot?
  —About _____ of them do.
&nbsp;&nbsp;A.three fifths
&nbsp;&nbsp;B.two third
&nbsp;&nbsp;C.first four
&nbsp;&nbsp;D.one seconds

3.His father was born _____.
&nbsp; A.in the 1950
&nbsp;&nbsp;B.in 1950s'
&nbsp;&nbsp;C.in the 1950s
&nbsp;&nbsp;D.in the 1950s'

4.This city is about five _____ years old.
&nbsp;&nbsp;A.hundreds
&nbsp;&nbsp;B.hundreds of
&nbsp;&nbsp;C.hundred
  D.hundred  of

5.Tintin appeared in China _____.
&nbsp;&nbsp;A.in 1980s
&nbsp;&nbsp;B.in the 1980
&nbsp;&nbsp;C.in 1980's
&nbsp;&nbsp;D.in the 1980s

6.—I like the number "9" best, because I think it stands for "long lasting".
  —Me, too. So I choose _____ floor to live on.
  A.nine
  B.ninth
  C.the nine
  D.the ninth

7.The scientist finished writing _____ report in a week.
  A.a eight-thousand-word
  B.an eight-thousand-words
  C.eight-thousand-word
  D.an eight-thousand-word

8.The newly-built bridge is about _____ wide.
  A.fifteen metres'
  B.fifteen metres
  C.fifteen-metre
  D.fifteen metre

9.The Whites went for sightseeing during the _____ holiday.
  A.three days
  B.three-days
  C.three-day
  D.three day

10.It takes us nearly _____ to finish our homework every day.
  A.one hour and half
  B.one and a half hour
  C.one hour and a half
  D.one and half hours
</code></pre>



<p>Answers: </p>



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>CACCD DDBCC</code></pre>
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